Kya Kabhi Socha Aapne?
Ek waqt tha jab school mein padhaya jaata tha ke hamare solar system mein 9 planets hain aur sabse akhri planet Pluto hai. Phir 2006 mein ek ajeeb baat hui scientists ne Pluto ko planet ki list se nikal diya. Bahut logon ko bura laga kuch ne toh kaha ke yeh Pluto ke saath zyadati hai!
Lekin Pluto kahan se aaya? Kaise bana? Aur kyun ise planet nahi mana jaata? Aaj hum yeh sab bilkul simple andaz mein samjhenge!
Pluto Kya Hai?
Pluto hamara solar system ka ek dwarf planet hai jo suraj se bohat zyada door hai Neptune ke bhi aage. Yeh itna door hai ke suraj ki roshni Pluto tak pohonchne mein roughly 5.5 ghante lagte hain jabke Zameen tak sirf 8 minutes lagte hain!
Pluto ka size bohat chota hai yeh hamare Chaand se bhi chota hai. Pluto ka diameter roughly 2,377 kilometer hai jabke Chaand ka diameter 3,474 kilometer hai. Matlab Pluto Chaand se bhi chota hai!
Pluto ke 5 chhote chhote moons bhi hain sabse bada moon Charon hai jo Pluto ke size ka roughly aadha hai. Yeh ek bohat ajeeb baat hai koi planet itne bade moon ke saath کم ہی ملتا ہے relative to apne size ke.
Pluto Kaise Bana Shuruwaat
Pluto ki kahani bhi hamare solar system ke banne ki kahani ke saath shuru hoti hai aaj se roughly 4.6 billion saal pehle.
Jab suraj bana aur baaki material protoplanetary disk mein ghoomne laga toh suraj ke qareeb rocky planets bane aur door gas giants bane. Lekin suraj se bohat zyada door jahan Neptune bhi hai us se aage wahan temperature itna thanda tha ke sirf rocks nahi، ice bhi solid reh sakti thi.
Is thande علاقے mein gas aur dust ke particles ikatha hone lage lekin Jupiter aur Saturn ki gravity itni zyada thi ke yeh particles ek bada planet nahi bana paye. Yeh particles chote chote bodies ki shakal mein reh gaye aur Pluto انہی bodies mein se ek hai.
Scientists ka khayal hai ke Pluto Kuiper Belt mein bana yeh Neptune ke baad ka ek bohat bada علاقہ hai jahan bohat saari chhoti chhoti icy bodies hain. Pluto انہی میں سے ek hai bas thoda bada.
Pluto Ki Formation Ka Ek Khaas Theory
Pluto aur us ke sabse bade moon Charon ke baare mein ek bohat dilchasp theory hai.
Scientists ka khayal hai ke shuruwaat mein Pluto aur Charon alag alag bodies the. Phir ek bohat bari takkar hui koi aur body Pluto se takrayi aur is takkar ki wajah se jo material upar aasman mein bikhara woh ikatha hokar Charon ban gaya.
Yeh bilkul waise hi hai jaise Zameen aur Chaand ke baare mein theory hai ke ek bari takkar se Chaand bana. Pluto aur Charon ka case bhi kuch aisa hi lagta hai aur yahi wajah hai ke Charon Pluto ke size ka itna bada hissa hai.
Pluto Ki Surface Andar Kya Hai
Pluto itna door hai ke bahut saalon tak scientists ko is ki surface ke baare mein zyada kuch pata nahi tha. Lekin 2015 mein NASA ka New Horizons spacecraft Pluto ke qareeb se guzra aur usne bohat saari qeemati tasweerain اور data bheja.
New Horizons ne Pluto ke baare mein jo pata kiya woh bohat hairat angez tha. Pluto ki surface par ek bohat bada dil ki shakal ka maidan hai jise scientists ne Tombaugh Regio naam diya yeh naam Clyde Tombaugh ke naam par rakha gaya جنہوں نے 1930 mein Pluto daryaft kiya tha.
Pluto ki surface par nitrogen ice، methane ice aur carbon monoxide ice hai. Yeh itna thanda jagah hai ke yeh gases bhi solid ban jaati hain. Pluto ka temperature roughly minus 233 degree Celsius tak chala jaata hai itna thanda ke sochna bhi mushkil hai.
Pluto ki surface par mountains bhi hain aur yeh mountains ice se bane hain lekin rocky mountains jitne unche hain kuch toh 3,500 meter tak unche hain. Yeh mountains water ice se bane hain kyunke water ice Pluto ke extreme thande mein bilkul rock jesi سخت ho jaati hai.
Scientists ne Pluto ki surface par red aur brown rangi jagahein bhi dekhi hain. Yeh rang tholins ki wajah se hain yeh ek khaas chemical hai jo tab banta hai jab methane aur nitrogen suraj ki radiation se react karte hain.
Pluto Ka Atmosphere Ek Ajeeb Atmosphere
Pluto ka ek bohat patla atmosphere hai jo mostly nitrogen se bana hai saath mein thodi methane aur carbon monoxide bhi hai.
Lekin Pluto ka atmosphere ek ajeeb kaam karta hai. Jab Pluto suraj ke thoda qareeb hota hai toh surface ki ice thodi sublimate hoti hai yaani solid se seedhi gas ban jaati hai aur atmosphere thoda mota ho jaata hai. Jab Pluto suraj se door chala jaata hai toh atmosphere wapas freeze ho jaata hai aur surface par barf ki shakal mein gir jaata hai.
Yeh ek aisa atmosphere hai jo literally freeze aur unfreeze hota rehta hai kaainaat mein aisa kahin aur nahi milta!
Pluto Planet Kyun Nahi Hai
2006 mein International Astronomical Union yaani IAU ne decide kiya ke planet kehne ke liye teen cheezein zaroori hain. Pehli cheez yeh ke woh suraj ke gird chakkar lagaye. Doosri cheez yeh ke uski gravity itni zyada ho ke woh khud apni shakal ball jesi bana sake. Teesri cheez yeh ke usne apne orbit ke aas paas ka علاقہ saaf kar liya ho yaani us orbit mein sirf wahi ہو aur doosri chhoti bodies nahi.
Pluto pehli dono cheezein poori karta hai lekin teesri nahi. Pluto ka orbit Kuiper Belt mein hai جہاں ہزاروں doosri chhoti bodies bhi hain. Pluto ki gravity itni nahi ke woh انہیں apni taraf kheench sake ya unhen orbit se bahar nikal sake.
Isliye IAU ne Pluto ko planet ki list se nikal kar dwarf planet ka darja de diya aur hamare solar system mein planets ki tadaad 9 se 8 ho gayi.
Lekin yeh faisla abhi bhi debate mein hai bahut se scientists kehte hain ke yeh definition theek nahi aur Pluto ko wapas planet ka darja dena chahiye. Kuch scientists toh yeh bhi kehte hain ke is definition se Jupiter aur Saturn bhi technically planet nahi hain kyunke انہوں نے bhi apne orbit ke sab material saaf nahi kiye!
New Horizons Mission Pluto Ka Qareeb Se Darshan
New Horizons spacecraft NASA ka ek bohat kamyab mission tha. Yeh 2006 mein launch hua aur July 2015 mein Pluto ke sabse qareeb pohoncha roughly 12,500 kilometer ki doori se guzra.
New Horizons ne Pluto tak pohonchne mein 9.5 saal liye aur is ne ek second bھی رکے بغیر travel kiya. Yeh spacecraft itni tezi se guzra ke woh Pluto ke orbit mein nahi ja saka sirf flyby kiya lekin is ek guzarne mein usne itna data collect kiya ke scientists saalon tak us data ko analyze karte rahe.
New Horizons ne jo tasweerain bheji woh bohat hairat angez thin ek purple aur orange rangi duniya جس پر dil ki shakal ka maidan، unche mountains aur smooth plains the. Scientists ne socha tha ke Pluto ek bland aur boring jagah hogi lekin New Horizons ne sab ko hairan kar diya!
New Horizons abhi bhi Pluto se aage Kuiper Belt mein travel kar raha hai aur 2019 mein usne ek aur Kuiper Belt object Arrokoth ka flyby bhi kiya yeh abhi tak ka sabse door ka spacecraft flyby tha!
Pluto Ka Ek Din Aur Ek Saal
Pluto bohat dheere ghoomta hai aur suraj se bohat door hai isliye is ke din aur saal Zameen se bohat alag hain.
Pluto ka ek din yaani Pluto ka apni axis par ek chakkar roughly 6.4 Zameen ke din ke barabar hai. Aur Pluto ka ek saal yaani suraj ka ek chakkar roughly 248 Zameen ke saal ke barabar hai.
Matlab agar aap Pluto par paida hotay toh abhi tak hamare solar system ki poori recorded history mein Pluto ne suraj ka sirf ek hiصہ کا hi chakkar kiya hoga. Pluto ne 1930 mein daryaft hone ke baad se abhi tak suraj ka poora ek chakkar bھی نہیں کیا!
Pluto Ke Moons Ek Choti Family
Pluto ke 5 moons hain Charon، Styx، Nix، Kerberos aur Hydra. In mein se Charon sabse bada hai.
Charon itna bada hai relative to Pluto ke ke scientists aksar Pluto aur Charon ko ek binary system kehte hain matlab dono ek doosre ke gird ghoomte hain. Dono ka center of gravity unke darmiyan ek jagah hai جو Pluto ki surface se bahar hai yeh kaainaat mein bohat rare baat hai.
Charon ki surface bھی bohat dilchasp hai is par ek bohat bada dark region hai jise scientists Mordor Macula kehte hain yeh naam Lord of the Rings ki duniya se liya gaya hai!
Pluto Aur Zindagi Kya Mumkin Hai
Pluto par zindagi ka imkan practically zero hai minus 233 degree temperature، patla atmosphere، aur suraj ki roshni itni kam ke photosynthesis ka koi sawaal hi nahi.
Lekin ek dilchasp theory hai ke Pluto ki surface ke neeche andar koi liquid water ocean ho sakta hai exactly jaise Europa اور Enceladus جیسے moons mein hai. Agar yeh sach ho toh shayad کچھ microscopic life form ho sakta hai lekin yeh abhi sirf ek possibility hai aur is par کوئی proof nahi.
Aakhri Baat Chota Lekin Dil Wala Planet
Pluto ne 1930 mein daryaft hone se lekar 2006 mein dwarf planet kehlaane tak ek bohat dilchasp safar طے کیا ہے. Bohat logon ke liye yeh abhi bھی دل میں planet hi hai aur shayad hamesha rahega.
Gas aur ice se bana، Kuiper Belt mein chhupa hua، minus 233 degree mein thitha hua lekin is chhoti si duniya par ek dil ki shakal ka maidan hai. Kaafi dilchasp baat hai na?
Agli baar jab Pluto ka naam suno yaad karain ke yeh sirf ek chota sa dwarf planet nahi balke ek poori duniya hai جہاں ice ke pahad hain، freeze hone wala atmosphere hai، aur ek dil ki shakal ka maidan hai bilkul aise jaise yeh hamare liye keh raha ho ke mujhe mat bhoolo!
source: Info Family
Kya aap jaante hain ke Pluto ki tarah Venus bhi ek bohat ajeeb aur dilchasp planet hai lekin dono bilkul alag tarah ke hain! Pluto bohat thanda hai aur Kuiper Belt mein chhupa hua hai jabke Venus itna garam hai ke seesa bhi pighal jaaye! Agar aap Venus ki poori kahani jaanna chahte hain toh hamare is article mein zaroor parein Venus Kaise Bana bohat hi dilchasp aur asan andaz mein samjhaya gaya hai!