Kya Kabhi Socha Aapne?
Jab raat ko aasman ki taraf dekhte hain aur taare nazar aate hain toh dil mein ek sawaal zaroor aata hai. Yeh sab kahan se aaya? Suraj kahan se aaya? Zameen kahan se aayi? Yeh sab planets، taare aur aasman ka yeh poora nizam kaise bana?
Yeh koi simple sawaal nahi lekin scientists ne kaafi kuch daryaft kar liya hai. Aaj hum bilkul simple andaz mein samjhenge ke hamara solar system kaise bana ek aisi kahani jo 4.6 billion saal pehle shuru hui thi!
Shuruwaat Sirf Andhere Aur Gas
Aaj se 4.6 billion saal pehle jahan aaj hamara solar system hai wahan sirf ek bohat bada gas aur dust ka badal tha. Scientists is badal ko solar nebula kehte hain.
Is nebula mein zyada tar hydrogen aur helium gas thi yahi do cheezein poori kaainaat mein sabse zyada payi jaati hain. Saath mein thodi miqdar mein doosre elements bhi the carbon، oxygen، iron aur doosre atoms jo pehle se maujood taaron mein ban chuke the.
Yeh gas ka badal bohat bada tha itna bada ke hamare poore solar system se bhi kaafi zyada. Lekin abhi tak is mein koi suraj nahi tha، koi planet nahi tha sirf gas aur dust thi jo aahistaa aahistaa ghoom rahi thi.
Kuch Hua Aur Sab Badal Gaya
Scientists ka khayal hai ke is nebula ke paas koi bada supernova hua yaani koi bohat bada taara phat gaya. Is dhamake ki tarangon ne nebula mein hilchal mach di.
Is hilchal ki wajah se gas aur dust ke particles ek doosre ki taraf kheenchne lage gravity ki wajah se. Yaad rahein ke gravity har cheez ko apni taraf kheenchti hai jitni badi cheez utni zyada gravity.
Jab particles ek doosre ke qareeb aane lage toh unki gravity aur zyada strong hoti gayi aur zyada particles kheenchte gaye aur gravity aur strong hoti gayi. Yeh ek chain reaction tha jo rokne ka naam nahi le raha tha.
Saath hi yeh gas ka gola ghoomna bhi shuru ho gaya bilkul aise jaise pani nali mein ghoomta hua nikaalta hai. Jitna zyada matter center mein ikatha hota gaya utna zyada tezi se ghoomne laga.
Suraj Ka Janam
Jab gas aur dust ka yeh gola ghoomta raha aur matter center mein ikatha hota raha toh center mein pressure aur temperature bohat zyada barh gaya.
Itna zyada pressure aur itna zyada temperature ke hydrogen atoms ek doosre se takraane lage. Ek waqt aaya jab yeh takkar itni tez hoi ke hydrogen atoms aapas mein jod Gaye aur helium ban gaya. Is process mein bohat zyada energy nikli yeh energy roshan aur garmi ki shakal mein bahar aayi.
Yeh process nuclear fusion kehlata hai aur yahi woh lamha tha jab suraj ne janam liya aaj se roughly 4.6 billion saal pehle.
Suraj itna bada hai ke agar usse ek khokha samjha jaaye toh us mein ek million yaani 10 lakh Zamiinein sama sakti hain. Aur suraj hamara solar system ka 99.8 percent mass rakhta hai baqi tamam planets، asteroids، comets sab mil kar sirf 0.2 percent!
Planets Kaise Bane
Jab suraj ban raha tha toh baaki gas aur dust suraj ke gird ek flat disk ki shakal mein ghoom rahi thi bilkul pizza ki tarah lekin bohat bohat badi. Scientists is disk ko protoplanetary disk kehte hain.
Is disk mein gas aur dust ke particles ek doosre se takrate the aur chipakne lagte the. Chhote particles se thode bade particles bante the thode bade se aur bade aur yeh silsila chalta raha. Dhire dhire km size ki rocky chunte bani، phir km size ki bodies bani jinho scientists planetesimals kehte hain.
Planetesimals apni gravity se aur zyada material kheenchte rahe aur bade hote rahe. Yeh ek bohat lamba process tha crore haaron saal ka lekin aakhir mein in planetesimals ne bade bade planets ki shakal le li.
Suraj ke qareeb wali jagah bohat garam thi isliye wahan sirf rocky materials hi reh sake yahi wajah hai ke Mercury، Venus، Zameen aur Mars rocky planets hain. Door ki jagah thandi thi isliye wahan gas aur ice bhi reh sake yahi wajah hai ke Jupiter, Saturn، Uranus aur Neptune gas aur ice giants hain.
Hamari Zameen Kaise Bani
Zameen bhi usi protoplanetary disk se bani aaj se roughly 4.5 billion saal pehle. Shuruwaat mein Zameen ek bohat garam aur molten yaani pighlHi hui ball thi koi solid surface nahi tha، sirf lava hi lava.
Dharti ka atmosphere bhi alag tha hydrogen aur helium zyada the. Lekin suraj ki tezh radiation ne yeh gases uda diyein. Baad mein volcanoes ne naye gases nikaalay carbon dioxide، nitrogen، water vapor yahi Zameen ka pehla atmosphere bana.
Ek bohat zaroori cheez jo Zameen ko khaas banati hai woh hai paani. Scientists ka khayal hai ke Zameen par zyada tar paani asteroids aur comets ne laya jo Zameen se takraate rahe aur apne saath paani lekar aaye. Yahi paani phir oceans ban gaya aur yahi oceans mein zindagi ne janam liya!
Chaand Kaise Bana
Chaand ki kahani bhi bohat dilchasp hai. Scientists ka sabse zyada mana hua theory yeh hai ke aaj se roughly 4.5 billion saal pehle ek Mars size ka planet jise scientists Theia kehte hain Zameen se takraya.
Yeh takkar itni bari thi ke dono bodies mein se bohat sara material upar aasman mein bikhhar gaya. Yeh bikhra hua material Zameen ke gird ghoomne laga aur phire dhire dhire ikatha hoke Chaand bana.
Yahi wajah hai ke Chaand aur Zameen ki composition kaafi milti julti hai dono ek hi takkar se bane the!
Solar System Ka Pehla Zamaana Bohat Khatarnak Tha
Solar system banne ke baad ka pehla 500 million saal bohat khatarnak tha. Is zamaane ko scientists Late Heavy Bombardment kehte hain.
Is waqt kaafi saari asteroids aur comets poore solar system mein ghoom rahi thin aur planets se takraati rehin. Chaand par jo bade bade gadhay nazar aate hain woh isi zamaane ki nishaani hain. Zameen par bhi bohat takkarein aayein lekin Zameen ki geological activity ne woh nishaan mita diye.
Yeh bombardment waqt ke saath khatam hoti gayi jab zyada tar loose material planets ne apni gravity se kheench liya ya phir solar system se bahar nikal gaya.
Jupiter Solar System Ka Muhafiz
Jupiter jo hamara sabse bada planet hai usne solar system mein ek bohat zaroori kirdaar ada kiya aur ada karta raha hai.
Jupiter ki gravity itni zyada strong hai ke usne bahut saari asteroids aur comets ko apni taraf kheench kar ya toh khud se takrwa liya ya phir solar system se bahar phenk diya. Agar Jupiter nahi hota toh Zameen par asteroids ki barish kaafi zyada hoti aur shayad zindagi itni aasani se parwan nahi chadhti.
Scientists Jupiter ko solar system ka chaukidar bhi kehte hain yeh apni gravity se Zameen ko bohat saari takkaaron se bachata aaya hai!
Asteroid Belt Ek Adhura Planet
Suraj aur Jupiter ke darmiyan ek asteroid belt hai yeh lakhon choti bari rocky bodies ka silsila hai. Yeh koi ek planet nahi balke ek adhura planet hai.
Jupiter ki gravity itni zyada strong thi ke is ilaqe mein jo material tha woh ek planet nahi ban paya Jupiter ki gravity ne use ek saath ikatha nahi hone diya. Yahi wajah hai ke yahan aaj bhi lakhon chhoti rocky bodies ghoom rahi hain.
Hamara Solar System Kaainaat Mein Kahan Hai
Hamara solar system Milky Way galaxy ka hissa hai. Milky Way mein roughly 200 se 400 billion taare hain aur hamara suraj un mein se ek chhota sa taara hai.
Hamara solar system Milky Way ke center se roughly 26,000 light years door hai ek taraf. Milky Way ka ek chakkar laganey mein hamara solar system roughly 225 million saal leta hai yeh Galactic Year kehlata hai.
Poori kaainaat mein aise billions of galaxies hain har galaxy mein billions of taare aur shayad unke gird bhi planets hon shayad kuch par zindagi bhi ho!
Aakhri Baat Ek Zabardast Kahani
Hamara solar system ek zabardast kahani hai gas aur dust ke ek bade badal se suraj ka janam، phir planets ka banna، phir zindagi ka shuru hona.
4.6 billion saal ka yeh safar nebula se Zameen tak kitna lamba aur kitna hairat angez hai. Aur is poori kahani mein sabse hairat angez baat yeh hai ke hum insaan is kaainaat ka ek hissa hain Jo khud apni kahani janne ki koshish kar raha hai.!
Agli baar jab raat ko aasman dekhein aur taare nazar aayen yaad karain ke yeh sab ek bohat bari aur purani kahani ka hissa hain aur aap bhi us kahani ka ek zaroori kirdar hain!
source: Dhruv Rathee
Kya aap jaante hain ke woh suraj jis ne 4.6 billion saal pehle janam liya tha aaj us ki roshan ki hum bijli banane mein use karte hain! Agar aap jaanna chahte hain ke yeh kaise hota hai toh hamare is article mein zaroor parein Solar Panel Kaise Kaam Karta Hai jisme hum ne bilkul simple andaz mein samjhaya hai ke suraj ki roshni se bijli kaise banti hai. Bohat dilchasp maloomat milegi!