Thermometer Kaise Kaam Karta Hai? Mukammal Guide

Kya Kabhi Socha Aapne?

Jab bachpan mein bukhaar hota tha toh amma ek chhoti si kachi ki nali bagh ke kehti thin yeh lo munh mein rakh lo. Kuch der baad woh nali dekh ke batati thin ke kitna bukhaar hai.

Lekin kya kabhi socha ke woh chhoti si nali yeh kaise jaanti thi ke body ka temperature kitna hai?

Aaj hum yeh raaz kholte hain bilkul simple andaz mein.

Thermometer Kya Hota Hai?

Thermometer ek aisa aala hai jo temperature measure karta hai. Temperature matlab garmi ya thandi ki miqdar.

Temperature teen scales mein measure hota hai:

• Celsius (°C) : duniya mein sabse zyada use hota hai
• Fahrenheit (°F) : America mein use hota hai
• Kelvin (K) : science mein use hota hai

Normal insani jism ka temperature 37°C ya 98.6°F hota hai.

Thermometer Ki Aqsaam Kitni Tarah Ke Hote Hain?

1. Mercury Thermometer Purana Aur Mashhoor

Yeh woh thermometer hai jo purane zamaane mein sab ke gharon mein hota tha ek sheesha ki nali jis mein chandi jaisa maada hota tha.

Kaise Kaam Karta Hai:

Mercury yaani paara ek khaas dhat hai jo aam darje e hararat par maai hoti hai. Iska ek khaas khasiyat yeh hai ke yeh garmi mein phailta hai aur thandi mein sikunhta hai.

Jab aap thermometer munh mein ya bagh mein rakhte hain:

1. Jism ki garmi mercury tak pohonchti hai
2. Mercury garam hoke phailta hai
3. Phailne ki wajah se mercury nali mein upar chadhta hai
4. Nali par bani scale se temperature parh lete hain

Jitna zyada bukhaar utna zyada mercury upar utna zyada number.

Nuqsaan: Mercury zeherila hota hai agar thermometer toote toh khatara ho sakta hai. Isliye aaj kal mercury thermometers band ho rahe hain.

2. Digital Thermometer Aaj Ka Zamaana

Aaj kal zyada tar ghar aur hospital mein digital thermometer use hota hai.

Kaise Kaam Karta Hai:

Digital thermometer mein ek thermistor hota hai yeh ek khaas electronic part hai jis ki khasiyat yeh hai ke:

• Garmi mein iska resistance kam hota hai
• Thandi mein iska resistance zyada hota hai

Jab aap digital thermometer use karte hain:

1. Thermistor jism se contact karta hai
2. Jism ki garmi se thermistor ki resistance change hoti hai
3. Andar ka circuit yeh resistance change measure karta hai
4. Microprocessor is change ko temperature mein convert karta hai
5. LCD display par temperature number show hota hai

Faida: Safe hai، fast hai، accurate hai sirf 30-60 seconds mein reading aati hai.

3. Infrared Thermometer Bina Chhuye Temperature

COVID-19 ke baad yeh thermometer har jagah nazar aane laga woh jo kaan mein ya maathe par lagate hain baghair chhuye.

Kaise Kaam Karta Hai:

Har cheez jo garam ho chahe insaan ho، machine ho، ya koi bhi cheez infrared radiation khaarij karti hai. Yeh radiation aankhon se nazar nahi aati lekin maujood hoti hai.

Infrared thermometer mein ek khaas sensor hota hai jo yeh radiation detect karta hai:

1. Aap thermometer kisi cheez ki taraf point karte hain
2. Cheez se infrared radiation nikal rahi hoti hai
3. Thermometer ka infrared sensor yeh radiation pakadta hai
4. Jitni zyada radiation utna zyada temperature
5. Processor radiation ki miqdar ko temperature mein convert karta hai
6. Display par result show hota hai

Faida: Baghair chhuye temperature isliye infection ka khatra nahi hospitals aur COVID checkpoints par bohat useful.

4. Alcohol Thermometer

Yeh mercury thermometer ki tarah hota hai farak sirf itna ke mercury ki jagah rang daar alcohol hoti hai.

• Mercury se sasta
• Mercury se mehfooz zeherila nahi
• Bohat thande ilaqon mein bhi kaam karta hai mercury jam jaati hai lekin alcohol nahi

5. Thermocouple Thermometer

Yeh industrial aur scientific use ke liye hota hai bohat zyada ya bohat kam temperature measure karne ke liye.

Factories، engines، aur labs mein use hota hai jahan temperature saikron ya hazaron degree tak ho sakta hai.

Thermometer Ka Scale Celsius aur Fahrenheit Mein Tabdeel Karna

Aksar log confuse hote hain ke 37°C ka Fahrenheit kya hoga. Yeh simple formula yaad kar lein:

Celsius se Fahrenheit:

°F = (°C × 9/5) + 32

Fahrenheit se Celsius:

°C = (°F − 32) × 5/9

Common temperatures yaad rakhein:

• Normal body: 37°C = 98.6°F
• Halka bukhaar: 38°C = 100.4°F
• Tez bukhaar: 39°C = 102.2°F
• Khatarnak bukhaar: 40°C = 104°F

Thermometer Sahi Use Karna Zaroori Tips

Mercury ya Digital Thermometer:

• Munh mein: Zuban ke neeche rakhein munh band rakhein 3 minute wait karein
• Bagh mein: Thermometer bagh mein rakhein baazu jism se chipka lein 5 minute wait karein
• Kaan mein: Sirf kaan wala thermometer use karein ghalat thermometer kaan mein nahi jaata

Infrared Thermometer:

• Maathe par: 3-5 cm door rakhein seedha point karein
• Kaan mein: Andar tak daalein trigger dabayein
• Zyada thande ya garam mahaul mein 5 minute wait karein baahri temperature asar karta hai

Sahi Reading Ke Liye:

• Khana khane ya garam cheez peene ke 15 minute baad measure karein
• Kasrat ke baad fauran na lein
• Thermometer saaf rakhein har use ke baad saaf karein

Bukhaar Kab Khatarnak Hota Hai?

Yeh bohat zaroori maloomat hai:

Bade logon ke liye:

• 37°C tak : normal
• 37.5 — 38°C : halka bukhaar aaraam karein
• 38 — 39°C : bukhaar doctor se mashwara karein
• 39°C se upar : tez bukhaar jald doctor ke paas jayen
• 40°C se upar : emergency fauran hospital jayen

Bachon ke liye:

• 3 mahine se kam baby mein 38°C bhi emergency hai
• Chhote bachon mein 39°C par fauran doctor ke paas jayen

Thermometer Rozana Ki Zindagi Mein

Thermometer sirf bukhaar check karne ke liye nahi yeh har jagah istemal hota hai:

• Khana pakana: Gosht ka andar ka temperature check karna sahi temperature par pakana zaroori hai.
• Industry: Factories mein machines ka temperature monitor karna.
• Mausam: Weather stations mein baahri temperature measure karna.
• Fridge: Fridge aur freezer ka temperature check karna khana mehfooz rakhne ke liye.
• Dawaiyan: Vaccines aur medicines ka temperature monitor karna yeh khaas temperature par store hoti hain.
• Labs: Scientific tajurbaat mein precise temperature control.

Pakistan Mein Thermometer Kaunsa Lein?

Pakistan mein thermometer khareedne ka soch rahe hain toh:

• Kam budget ke liye: Digital thermometer Rs. 300-800 mein mil jaata hai accurate aur safe.
• Asaani ke liye: Infrared thermometer Rs. 800-2000 tez aur baghair chhuye bachon ke liye best.
• Bachein: Mercury thermometer se zeherila hota hai aaj kal band bhi ho raha hai.

Aakhri Baat Chhoti Si Machine Bada Kaam

Thermometer ek bohat chhoti si machine lagti hai lekin yeh ek zaroori kaam karti hai temperature sahi tarah measure karna. Mercury ho ya digital، infrared ho ya alcohol sab ka ek hi maqsad hai garmi ki miqdar batana.

Agli baar jab aap thermometer use karein yaad karain ke woh chhoti si nali ya machine kitni kam kai chez hai!

source: Dr Shahzad Official

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