Kya Kabhi Socha Aapne?
Jab aap gaari mein baithe hain aur accelerator dabate hain gaari tezi se aage bhagti hai. Jab motorbike start karte hain ek awaaz aati hai aur bike chalne lagti hai. Lekin yeh sab kaise hota hai? Petrol ek liquid hai woh gaari ko kaise chalata hai?
Aaj hum yeh zabardast raaz kholte hain bilkul simple andaz mein!
Engine Kya Hota Hai?
Engine ek aisi machine hai jo fuel ki chemical energy ko mechanical energy mein tabdeel karti hai.
Seedhi baat:
Engine petrol ya diesel jalata hai is jalane se energy paida hoti hai yeh energy pehiyon ko ghuma deti hai aur gaari chalti hai.
Bilkul waisa hi jaise aap khana khate hain khane ki energy aapke jism ko chalne phirne ki taaqat deti hai engine mein fuel wahi kaam karta hai.
Engine Ki Aqsaam Kitni Tarah Ke Hote Hain?
1. Petrol Engine
Pakistan mein zyada tar chhoti gaarian aur motorbikes petrol engine use karti hain. Yeh engine petrol jalata hai.
2. Diesel Engine
Buses، trucks، aur bade vehicles mein diesel engine hota hai. Diesel engine zyada taaqatwar hota hai aur diesel fuel use karta ha.
3. Electric Motor
Naye zamaane ki electric gaarian jaise Tesla mein petrol ya diesel nahi sirf battery aur electric motor hoti hai.
4. Hybrid Engine
Kuch gaarian mein dono hote hain petrol engine bhi aur electric motor bhi yeh hybrid kehlati hain.
Aaj hum mainly petrol engine ke baare mein baat karenge kyunke Pakistan mein yeh sabse zyada common hai.
Engine Ka Buniyadi Usool Combustion
Engine kaam karne ka buniyadi usool hai combustion yaani jalana.
Petrol ek aisi cheez hai jo hawa ke saath mil kar jal sakti hai. Jab petrol jalti hai toh bohat zyada garmi aur gas paida hoti hai. Yeh gas itni tezi se phailti hai ke woh ek piston ko dhakka de deti hai aur yahi dhakka engine ki taaqat banata hai.
Isko aise samjhein: jab aap balloon mein hawa bhar ke chodtay hain hawa tezi se bahar nikalti hai aur balloon doosri taraf jaata hai. Combustion mein bhi gasses itni tezi se phailti hain ke piston ko dhakka lagte hain.
Engine Ke Main Parts
1. Cylinder
Cylinder engine ka ghar hai ek nali ki shakal ka hissa jisme piston upar neechay hilta hai. Zyada tar gaarian mein 4 cylinders hote hain kuch mein 6 ya 8 bhi hote hain.
Jitne zyada cylinders utni zyada taaqat isliye badi gaarian aur race cars mein zyada cylinders hote hain.
2. Piston
Piston cylinder ke andar ek gol dhakka dene wala part hai. Yeh upar neechay hilta hai is hilne se engine ki taaqat paida hoti hai.
3. Crankshaft
Crankshaft ek khaas ghoomne wali rod hai. Piston ka upar neechay wala motion crankshaft ko ghole mein tabdeel karta hai yahi ghumao pehiyon tak pohonchta hai.
Isko aise samjhein: cycle ka pedal dabao pedal upar neechay jaata hai lekin pehiya ghumta hai. Crankshaft bhi yehi kaam karta hai.
4. Valves
Cylinder mein do valves hote hain:
- Inlet Valve : fuel aur hawa andar aaney deta hai
- Exhaust Valve : jali hui gas bahar jaane deta hai
5. Spark Plug
Petrol engine mein spark plug hota hai. Yeh ek chhoti si chingaari paida karta hai jo fuel aur hawa ke mixture ko jalata hai.
Diesel engine mein spark plug nahi hota diesel itna zyada dabaya jaata hai ke woh khud jal jaata hai.
6. Camshaft
Camshaft valves ko sahi waqt par kholti aur band karti hai yeh engine ki timing control karta hai.
7. Fuel Injector
Yeh cylinder mein bilkul sahi miqdar mein fuel daakhil karta hai na zyada na kam.
4 Stroke Cycle Engine Ka Dil
Petrol engine 4 stroke cycle par kaam karta hai. Yeh samajhna bohat zaroori hai.
Stroke 1 : Intake (Andar Lena)
- Piston neechay jaata hai
- Inlet valve khulta hai
- Petrol aur hawa ka mixture cylinder mein daakhil hota hai
- Inlet valve band ho jaata hai
Stroke 2 : Compression (Dabana)
- Piston upar aata hai
- Dono valves band hote hain
- Fuel aur hawa ka mixture bohat zyada daba jaata hai
- Dabne se mixture garam ho jaata hai
Stroke 3 : Power (Taaqat)
- Spark plug chingaari paida karta hai
- Daba hua fuel mixture jal jaata hai
- Jalanay se bohat zyada gas paida hoti hai
- Gas piston ko tezi se neechay dhakka deti hai
- Yahi dhakka engine ki taaqat hai!
Stroke 4 : Exhaust (Bahar Nikalna)
- Piston wapas upar aata hai
- Exhaust valve khulta hai
- Jali hui gas bahar nikal jaati hai exhaust pipe se
- Valve band hota hai cycle dobara shuru!
Yeh cycle ek second mein hazaron baar repeat hoti hai isliye engine itni taaqat deta hai!
Multi Cylinder Engine Zyada Taaqat
Ek cylinder ka engine sirf ek baar power deta hai baqi teen strokes mein koi power nahi. Isliye gaarian mein 4 cylinders hote hain jo ek doosre ke baad power stroke dete hain.
4 cylinder engine mein:
- Pehla cylinder power de raha hai
- Doosra intake kar raha hai
- Teesra compression par hai
- Chotha exhaust kar raha hai
Is tarah har waqt koi na koi cylinder power de raha hota hai engine smooth chalta rehta hai!
Cooling System Engine Thanda Kaise Rehta Hai?
Engine mein itna jalna hota hai ke woh bohat garam ho jaata hai agar thanda na kiya jaaye toh engine seize ho jaayega.
Water Cooling:
Zyada tar gaarian mein coolant liquid engine ke gird ghoomta rehta hai garmi absorb karta hai aur radiator mein aa kar thanda ho jaata hai.
Isliye radiator mein paani ka level check karte rehna zaroori hai!
Oil Cooling:
Engine oil bhi cooling ka kaam karta hai saath hi engine ke parts ko smooth rakhta hai taake woh ghis na jaayein.
Lubrication System Rasaan Ka Kaam
Engine mein bohot saare parts tezi se hilte hain agar inhe rasaan na mile toh yeh ek doosre se ghis kar kharab ho jaayein.
Engine oil yeh kaam karta hai:
- Sab moving parts par oil ki thin layer hoti hai
- Parts ek doosre se seedhe nahi lagte beech mein oil hota hai
- Ghisaon kam hoti hai engine zyada der chalti hai
Isliye waqt par oil change bohat zaroori hai!
Exhaust System Dhuaan Kahan Jaata Hai?
Jab fuel jalti hai toh gases aur dhuaan paida hota hai. Yeh exhaust valve se bahar aata hai aur exhaust pipe se hote hue silencer mein jaata hai.
Silencer ka kaam:
- Exhaust gas ki awaaz kam karna
- Gas ko saaf karna catalytic converter se
- Gases ko bahar phenk dena
Isliye purani gaarian zyada awaaz karti hain unka silencer kharab hota hai!
Pakistan Mein Engine Kya Haal Hai?
Pakistan mein engine technology ka apna ek rang hai:
- Pakistan mein 1000cc se 1300cc engines sabse zyada popular hain Suzuki، Toyota، Honda
- Motorcycles mein zyada tar 70cc se 125cc engines hote hain
- Pakistan mein petrol zyada common hai diesel bade vehicles mein
- CNG bhi Pakistan mein bohat use hoti thi lekin ab kam ho rahi hai
- Electric vehicles Pakistan mein aana shuru ho gaye hain lekin abhi kam hain
Engine Ki Dekhbhal Zaroori Tips
Engine theek rakhne ke liye:
- Oil Change: Har 5000 km par engine oil zaroor badlein yeh engine ki zindagi badhata hai.
- Air Filter: Saaf air filter engine ko sahi hawa deta hai garmi mein zyada check karein.
- Coolant: Radiator ka paani aur coolant level check karte rahein engine garam hone se bachayein.
- Spark Plug: Waqt par spark plug badlein engine smooth chalti hai aur fuel bhi bachti hai.
- Timing Belt: Yeh bohat zaroori part hai waqt par na badla toh engine band ho sakta hai.
Aakhri Baat Aag Ka Karishma
Engine asal mein aag ka karishma hai petrol jalti hai energy nikalty hai gaari chalti hai. Itna simple lekin itna powerful!
4 stroke cycle intake، compression، power، exhaust yeh cycle ek second mein hazaron baar hoti hai aur har cycle mein aapki gaari ko aage bhagane ki taaqat milti hai.
Agli baar jab aap gaari ya bike start karein yaad karain ke engine ke andar har second hazaron chhoti chhoti dhamakon ki wajah se aap aage barh rahe hote hain!
source: Quiz Channel 2.0
Kya aap jaante hain ke jis tarah engine fuel ko taaqat mein badalta hai usi tarah aaj ki technology ne bijli ko bhi wireless bana diya hai! Hamare is article mein zaroor parein Wireless Charger Kaise Kaam Karta Hai bohat dilchasp maloomat milegi.